Igikoresho cyo guhumeka byihutirwa (EEBD) ni iki?

Igikoresho cyo guhumeka byihutirwa (EEBD) nigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho byumutekano byagenewe gukoreshwa mubidukikije aho ikirere cyabaye akaga, bikaba byangiza ubuzima cyangwa ubuzima. Ibi bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mubihe aho habaho gusohora gitunguranye imyuka yubumara, umwotsi, cyangwa ogisijeni ibuze, bigaha uwambaye umwuka uhumeka uhagije kugirango uhunge neza akaga.

EEBDs iboneka mu nganda zitandukanye, zirimo ubwikorezi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, inganda, na serivisi zihutirwa, kandi zagenewe gutanga uburinzi bw'igihe gito ku bantu bahunga ibidukikije bishobora guteza akaga aho kubikoresha igihe kirekire. Nubwo bitagenewe ibikorwa byo kuzimya umuriro cyangwa gutabara, EEBDs nigikoresho cyingenzi cyumutekano gishobora gukumira guhumeka cyangwa uburozi mugihe buri segonda ibara. Ikintu cyingenzi cyibintu bigezweho bya EEBDs nikaruboni fibre ikora silinderi, igira uruhare runini mugukora ibikoresho byoroheje, biramba, kandi byizewe mubihe byihutirwa.

Uburyo EEBD ikora

EEBD mubyukuri ni ibikoresho byoroshye guhumeka biha uyikoresha gutanga umwuka uhumeka cyangwa ogisijeni mugihe gito, mubisanzwe hagati yiminota 5 kugeza kuri 15, bitewe nurugero. Igikoresho kiroroshye gukora, ndetse no mubibazo, kandi akenshi gikora mugukurura tab cyangwa gufungura kontineri. Bimaze gukora, umwuka cyangwa umwuka wa ogisijeni utangira gutemba kubakoresha, haba mumasura yo mumaso cyangwa umunwa hamwe na sisitemu yo gukuramo izuru, bigashyiraho kashe ibarinda guhumeka imyuka mibi cyangwa umwuka wabuze ogisijeni.

Ibigize EEBD

Ibice byingenzi bigize EEBD birimo:

• Guhumeka Cylinder: Iyi silinderi ibika umwuka wangiritse cyangwa ogisijeni uyikoresha azahumeka mugihe cyo guhunga. EEBD igezweho ikoresha carbon fibre igizwe na silinderis kubera uburemere bwabo n'imbaraga zabo.
• Igenzura ry'ingutu: Umugenzuzi agenzura urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka cyangwa ogisijeni biva muri silinderi, akemeza ko uyikoresha yakira neza umwuka uhumeka.
• Isura ya Mask cyangwa Hood.
• Harness cyangwa Strap: Ibi birinda igikoresho kubakoresha, kibemerera kugenda mubuntu mugihe bambaye EEBD.
• Sisitemu yo kumenyesha: EEBDs zimwe zifite ibikoresho byimpuruza byumvikana mugihe ikirere kiba kiri hasi, bigatuma uyikoresha yihutira guhunga.

Carbone Fibre Composite Cylinders muri EEBDs

Kimwe mu bintu byingenzi bigize EEBD ni silindiri ihumeka, kandi ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri iyi silinderi bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa rusange byigikoresho. Muri EEBD nyinshi zigezweho,karuboni fibre ikora silinderis zikoreshwa kubera imitungo yazo nziza ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo nkibyuma cyangwa aluminium.

Igishushanyo cyoroheje

Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byakaruboni fibre ikora silinderis ni igishushanyo cyoroheje. Mubihe byihutirwa, buri segonda irabaze, kandi EEBD yoroshye ituma uyikoresha agenda vuba kandi byoroshye. Ibikoresho bya karubone biroroshye cyane kuruta ibyuma na aluminiyumu mugihe bigifite imbaraga zihagije zo kubamo umwuka uhumanye cyangwa ogisijeni kumuvuduko mwinshi. Kugabanya ibiro bifasha uyikoresha kwirinda umunaniro, byoroshye gutwara igikoresho mugihe cyo guhunga.

Kuramba cyane n'imbaraga

Caribre fibre igizwe na silinderis ntabwo yoroshye gusa ahubwo irakomeye cyane kandi iramba. Barashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi ukenewe kugirango ubike umwuka uhagije kugirango uhunge umutekano, kandi birwanya kwangirika kwingaruka, kwangirika, no kwambara. Uku kuramba ni ngombwa mugihe cyihutirwa aho igikoresho gishobora gukoreshwa nabi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa guhura n’imiti ishobora guteza akaga. Imbaraga za fibre fibre ituma silinderi iguma idahwitse kandi ikora, ikemeza ko uyikoresha afite umwuka wizewe mugihe babikeneye cyane.

Kongera ubushobozi

Iyindi nyungu yakaruboni fibre ikora silinderis nubushobozi bwabo bwo gufata umwuka mwinshi cyangwa ogisijeni murwego ruto, rworoshye. Ubu bushobozi bwiyongereye butuma igihe kinini cyo guhunga, giha abakoresha iminota yinyongera yumuyaga uhumeka kugirango basohoke neza mukarere. Kurugero, akaruboni fibre ikora silinderiirashobora gutanga ikirere kimwe na silindiri yicyuma ariko hamwe nuburemere buke nuburemere, bigatuma biba byiza cyane gukoreshwa ahantu hafunzwe cyangwa kubakoresha bakeneye kwimuka vuba.

Imikoreshereze ya EEBDs

EEBDs ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda aho abakozi bashobora guhura n’ikirere cyangiza. Muri byo harimo:

• Inganda zo mu nyanja: Ku mato, akenshi EEBD isabwa nkigice cyibikoresho byumutekano. Mugihe habaye inkongi y'umuriro cyangwa gaze, abagize abakozi barashobora gukoresha EEBD kugirango bahunge ibyumba bya moteri cyangwa ahandi hantu hafunzwe aho ikirere kibaye akaga.
• Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro: Ibirombe bizwiho imyuka iteje akaga hamwe na ogisijeni yatakaye. EEBD iha abacukuzi uburyo bwihuse kandi bworoshye bwo guhunga niba umwuka uba muke guhumeka.
• Ibimera byinganda.
• Indege: Indege zimwe zitwara EEBD kugirango zirinde abagize abakozi n’abagenzi guhumeka umwotsi cyangwa kubura ogisijeni mugihe habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa.
• Inganda za peteroli na gaze.

EEBD na SCBA

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya EEBD nigikoresho cyo guhumeka cyonyine (SCBA). Mugihe ibyo bikoresho byombi bitanga umwuka uhumeka mu kirere cyangiza, byakozwe muburyo butandukanye:

• EEBD: Igikorwa cyibanze cya EEBD nugutanga ikirere gito mugihe cyo guhunga. Ntabwo yagenewe gukoreshwa igihe kirekire kandi isanzwe ikoreshwa muguhunga byihuse bivuye muburozi cyangwa kubura ogisijeni. EEBDs muri rusange ni ntoya, yoroshye, kandi yoroshye gukora kuruta SCBAs.
• SCBA: Ku rundi ruhande, SCBA, ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bimara igihe kirekire, nko kuzimya umuriro cyangwa ubutumwa bwo gutabara. Sisitemu ya SCBA itanga ikirere cyinshi cyane, akenshi kimara isaha imwe, kandi cyagenewe gukoreshwa mugihe cyagutse. SCBAs mubisanzwe binini kandi bigoye kuruta EEBDs kandi ikubiyemo ibintu byateye imbere nko gupima umuvuduko, gutabaza, no kugenzura ibintu.

Kubungabunga no Kugenzura EEBDs

Kugirango EEBD yitegure gukoreshwa mugihe cyihutirwa, kubungabunga no kugenzura buri gihe ni ngombwa. Bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byo kubungabunga harimo:

• Ubugenzuzi busanzwe: EEBDs igomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugirango igenzure ibimenyetso byose byerekana ko byangiritse cyangwa byangiritse, cyane cyane muri mask yo mumaso, ibikoresho, na silinderi.
• Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike: Caribre fibre igizwe na silinderis igomba kwipimisha hydrostatike mugihe gisanzwe kugirango irebe ko ishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi ukenewe kugirango ubike umwuka cyangwa ogisijeni. Igeragezwa ririmo kuzuza silinderi amazi no kuyikanda kugirango urebe niba yatembye cyangwa intege nke.
• Ububiko bukwiye: EEBDs igomba kubikwa ahantu hasukuye, humye kure yizuba ryinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Kubika bidakwiye birashobora kugabanya igihe cyigikoresho kandi bikabangamira imikorere yacyo.

Umwanzuro

Igikoresho cyo guhumeka byihutirwa (EEBD) nigikoresho cyingenzi cyumutekano mu nganda aho ikirere gishobora guteza impanuka mu buryo butunguranye. Igikoresho gitanga isoko ryigihe gito cyumwuka uhumeka, bigatuma abakozi bahunga ibidukikije byihuse kandi mumutekano. Hamwe no kwishyira hamwe kwakaruboni fibre ikora silinderis, EEBDs zoroheje, ziramba, kandi zizewe, zongera imbaraga zazo mubihe byihutirwa. Kubungabunga neza no kugenzura buri gihe byemeza ko ibyo bikoresho byiteguye gukora imirimo irokora ubuzima mugihe bikenewe.