Sisitemu yo guhumeka yonyine (SCBA) ningirakamaro kubantu bakorera ahantu hashobora guteza akaga aho ikirere cyangiritse, nk'abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro, abakozi bo mu nganda, hamwe nitsinda ryabatabazi. Ikintu cyingenzi muri sisitemu ya SCBA ni silindiri yumuvuduko mwinshi ubika umwuka uhumeka. Mu myaka yashize,karuboni fibre silinderis imaze kumenyekana kubera imitungo isumba iyindi ugereranije na silindiri gakondo. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza uruhare rwakaruboni fibre silinderis muri sisitemu ya kijyambere ya SCBA, ibipimo byumutekano bigenga imikoreshereze yabyo, nibyiza byabo hejuru ya silinderi.
Uruhare rwaCaribre Fibre Cylinders muri sisitemu zigezweho za SCBA
Amashanyarazi ya karubones bigira uruhare runini mukuzamura imikorere ya sisitemu ya SCBA. Igikorwa cyabo cyibanze ni ukubika umwuka wugarijwe kumuvuduko mwinshi, mubisanzwe hagati ya 2200 na 4.500 psi, bigatuma abakoresha bahumeka mubidukikije bifite ibintu byangiza cyangwa ogisijeni idahagije. Iterambere rya tekinoroji ya karubone ryahinduye igishushanyo mbonera n'imikorere y'iyi silinderi, bituma byoroha kandi biramba.
Igishushanyo cyoroshye kandi kirambye
Inyungu yibanze yakaruboni fibre silinderis ibeshya mubwubatsi bwabo bworoshye. Fibre ya karubone ni ibintu byinshi bigizwe na atome ya karubone ihujwe hamwe muburyo bwa kristalline, itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe mugihe yoroshye cyane kuruta ibikoresho gakondo. Iyi miterere yoroheje igabanya uburemere rusange bwa sisitemu ya SCBA, byongera umuvuduko no kwihangana kwabakoresha. Mu bihe bishobora guteza akaga, nko kuzimya umuriro, ubushobozi bwo kugenda vuba kandi neza birashobora kuba itandukaniro riri hagati yubuzima nurupfu.
Byongeye kandi,karuboni fibre silinderis itanga igihe ntarengwa. Ibikoresho byinshi birwanya cyane ingaruka zumubiri, kwangirika, hamwe n’ibidukikije, bigatuma biba byiza gukoreshwa mubihe bikabije. Uku kuramba kwemeza ko silinderi ikomeza uburinganire bwimiterere mugihe, bikagabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa mugihe cyibikorwa bikomeye.
Iterambere muri tekinoroji ya Cylinder
Iterambere rya vuba murikaruboni fibre silinderiikoranabuhanga ryarushijeho kunoza imikorere ya SCBA. Udushya nka sisitemu ya resin igezweho hamwe na fibre yerekanwe neza byongereye imbaraga numunaniro birwanya silinderi. Iterambere ryemerera urwego rwumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, bigaha abakoresha ibintu byinshi byohereza ikirere no kugabanya ibikenerwa gusimburwa kenshi.
Byongeye kandi, abayikoze bakoze silinderi nziza ya karubone ifite ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikurikirana bikurikirana umuvuduko wikirere, ubushyuhe, namakuru yimikoreshereze. Uku guhuriza hamwe kwikoranabuhanga bituma habaho kugenzura-igihe no kumenyesha, bigafasha abakoresha gufata ibyemezo byuzuye no kuzamura umutekano muri rusange mugihe cyibikorwa.
Ibipimo byumutekano hamwe na protocole yo kugerageza kuriCarbone Fibre SCBA Cylinders
Urebye uruhare rukomeye rwakaruboni fibre silinderis muri sisitemu ya SCBA, kwemeza umutekano wabo no kwizerwa nibyingenzi. Ibipimo bitandukanye mpuzamahanga ndetse n’igihugu bigenga gukora, kugerageza, no kwemeza izo silinderi kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa bikomeye byumutekano.
DOT, NFPA, na EN Impamyabumenyi
Muri Amerika, Ishami rishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu (DOT) rigenga ubwikorezi n’imikoreshereze ya silindari y’umuvuduko ukabije, harimo n’izikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya SCBA. Ibipimo bya DOT, byerekanwe mumabwiriza nka 49 CFR 180.205, byerekana igishushanyo mbonera, ubwubatsi, n'ibizamini bisabwa kurikaruboni fibre silinderis kugirango barebe ko bashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko ukabije.
Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu rishinzwe kurinda umuriro (NFPA) naryo rifite uruhare runini mu gushyiraho ibipimo by’umutekano kuri sisitemu ya SCBA ikoreshwa n’abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro n’abashinzwe ubutabazi. Igipimo cya NFPA 1981 cyerekana ibisabwa mu mikorere y'ibikoresho bya SCBA, harimokaruboni fibre silinderis, kugirango barebe ko batanga uburinzi buhagije nibikorwa mumikorere yo kuzimya umuriro.
Mu Burayi, Komite y’Uburayi ishinzwe ubuziranenge (CEN) ishyiraho ibipimo nka EN 12245, bigenga igenzura n’ibizamini bya buri gihesilindiri ya gazs. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza kokaruboni fibre silinderis byujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano nibikorwa kugirango bikoreshwe mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda nibyihutirwa.
Ikizamini gikomeye cyo kugerageza
Gukurikiza aya mahame,karuboni fibre silinderis gukora protocole ikomeye. Kimwe mu bizamini byibanze ni igeragezwa rya hydrostatike, aho silinderi yuzuyemo amazi kandi igashyirwaho igitutu kirenze umuvuduko wacyo usanzwe kugirango igenzure niba imyanda, imiterere, cyangwa intege nke zubatswe. Iki kizamini gikorwa buri myaka itanu kugirango tumenye neza ko silinderi ibaho.
Ubugenzuzi bugaragara nabwo ni ingenzi mu kumenya ibyangiritse byo hanze n’imbere, nk'imvune, ruswa, cyangwa gukuramo, bishobora guhungabanya umutekano wa silinderi. Iri genzura akenshi ririmo gukoresha borescopes nibindi bikoresho byihariye byo gusuzuma imbere imbere ya silinderi.
Usibye ibi bizamini bisanzwe, abayikora barashobora gukora isuzuma ryinyongera, nkibizamini byo guta no gupima ibidukikije, kugirango basuzume imikorere ya silinderi mubihe bitandukanye. Mugukurikiza aya mahame akomeye yo kugerageza,karuboni fibre silinderis byemewe gukoreshwa neza muri sisitemu ya SCBA.
Ibyiza byaCaribre Fibre Cylinders hejuru ya Steel Cylinders muri Porogaramu ya SCBA
Mugihe ibyuma bya silinderi gakondo byakoreshejwe cyane muri sisitemu ya SCBA mumyaka mirongo,karuboni fibre silinderis zitanga inyungu zinyuranye zatumye barushaho kwiyongera mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Kugabanya ibiro
Inyungu zingenzi zakaruboni fibre silinderis hejuru ya silinderi yicyuma nuburemere bwabo.Amashanyarazi ya karubones irashobora kugera kuri 50% yoroshye kuruta ibyuma bya silinderi, kugabanya cyane umutwaro rusange kubakoresha. Uku kugabanuka kwibiro ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane kubashinzwe kuzimya umuriro hamwe nabatabazi, bakunze gukorera ahantu hafite ibibazo byinshi aho kwihuta no kwihangana ari ngombwa.
Kongera Imbaraga no Kuramba
Amashanyarazi ya karubones kwirata imbaraga zisumba izindi kandi ziramba ugereranije na silinderi yicyuma. Imbaraga zikomatanya imbaraga nyinshi ziremereye zituma ishobora guhangana nigipimo cyumuvuduko mwinshi, igaha abayikoresha ubushobozi bwikirere hamwe nigihe kinini cyo gukoresha. Byongeye kandi, fibre karubone irwanya ruswa no kwangiza ibidukikije ituma silinderi ikomeza imikorere yayo mubihe bibi.
Kongera imbaraga zo guhangana n’ibidukikije
Bitandukanye na silinderi y'ibyuma, ikunda kwangirika no kwangirika mugihe,karuboni fibre silinderis irwanya cyane ibibazo bidukikije nkubushuhe, imiti, nimirasire ya UV. Uku kurwanya kwongerewe imbaraga ntabwo kwongerera igihe cya silinderi gusa ahubwo binagabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa mugihe cyibikorwa bikomeye, byongera umutekano wabakoresha.
Ikiguzi-Cyiza
Mugihe ikiguzi cyambere cyakaruboni fibre silinderis irashobora kuba hejuru yicyuma cya silinderi yicyuma, igihe kinini cyakazi cya serivisi no kugabanya ibisabwa byo kubungabunga akenshi bituma biba igisubizo cyigiciro cyigihe kirekire. Gukenera abasimbuye bake no gusana birashobora gutuma uzigama amafaranga menshi mumashyirahamwe akoresha sisitemu ya SCBA.
Umwanzuro
Amashanyarazi ya karubones byahindutse urufatiro rwa sisitemu ya kijyambere ya SCBA, itanga ibyiza byinshi kurenza silinderi gakondo. Kamere yabo yoroheje, iramba, kandi irwanya ruswa yongerera umutekano no kugenda kwabakoresha ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, mugihe iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rikomeje kunoza imikorere. Mugukurikiza amahame akomeye yumutekano no kugerageza protocole,karuboni fibre silinderis kwemeza kwizerwa no kurindwa mubihe bikomeye. Nkuko inganda n’ibikorwa byihutirwa bikomeje gushyira imbere umutekano no gukora neza, iyemezwakaruboni fibre silinderis muri sisitemu ya SCBA igiye gukura, ishimangira uruhare rwabo nkigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho bikiza ubuzima.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-30-2024