Inganda zo mu nyanja zishingiye cyane cyane ku bikoresho by’umutekano kugira ngo zirinde ubuzima ku nyanja. Mu dushya tugize uru rwego,karuboni fibre ikora silinderis zirimo gukurura ibintu byoroheje, biramba, kandi birwanya ruswa. Iyi silinderi ikoreshwa cyane mubuzima, Sisitemu yo Kwirukana Marine (MES), ibikoresho byo gukodesha ku giti cyawe (PPE), hamwe na sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro. Iyi ngingo irasobanura uburyokaruboni fibre silinderis zirimo gukoreshwa muri ibi bice, zibanda ku nyungu zabo, imbogamizi, hamwe nibikorwa bifatika.
GusobanukirwaCarbone Fibre Composite Cylinders
Caribre fibre igizwe na silinderis bikozwe muburyo bwo guhuza fibre ya karubone na polymer resin, mubisanzwe epoxy, ikora ibintu bikomeye, byoroshye. Bitandukanye na silindiri gakondo cyangwa aluminiyumu, ibinyabuzima bya karubone bitanga imbaraga zisumba uburemere, kurwanya ruswa, hamwe nigihe kirekire mubidukikije bikabije byo mu nyanja. Iyi mitungo ituma biba byiza mubikorwa byo mu nyanja aho uburemere, umwanya, no kwizerwa ari ngombwa.
Igikorwa cyo gukora gikubiyemo gupfunyika imigozi ya karubone hafi yacyo, kuyitera hamwe na resin, no gukiza ibikoresho kugirango bibe imiterere ihamye. Ibi bivamo silinderi ishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi mugihe yoroshye cyane kuruta ibyuma bisimburana. Mu nganda zo mu nyanja, izo silinderi zikoreshwa mu kubika imyuka nka gaze karuboni (CO2) mu kuzimya umuriro, umwuka uhumeka kugira ngo uhumeke, cyangwa imyuka y’ifaranga ku buzima na MES.
Kwemererwa mubuzima
Liferafts ningirakamaro mu kwimurwa byihutirwa mu nyanja, igamije kurinda abagenzi n’abakozi mu gihe habaye ubwato. Ubusanzwe, ubuzima bukoresha ibyuma cyangwa silindini ya aluminium kugirango ubike CO2 kugirango ifaranga ryihuse. Ariko,karuboni fibre silinderis bigenda bisimbuza ibyo kubera ibyiza byabo.
Inyungu yibanze ni kugabanya ibiro. Uburemere bwubuzima bugira ingaruka ku buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo koherezwa, cyane cyane ku mato mato cyangwa mu bihe byihutirwa aho umuvuduko ari ngombwa.Amashanyarazi ya karubones irashobora kugabanya uburemere bwa sisitemu yo guta agaciro kwubuzima kugeza kuri 50% ugereranije nicyuma, kuborohereza kubyitwaramo no kubika. Ibi bifite agaciro cyane kubikoresho bito cyangwa ubwato, aho umwanya ari muto.
Byongeye kandi, karuboni fibre irwanya ruswa ni uguhindura umukino mubidukikije byo mu nyanja, aho amazi yumunyu ashobora kwangiza silinderi yicyuma mugihe runaka. Uku kuramba kwagura igihe cyo kubaho kandi kigabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga. Kurugero, ibigo nka Survitec na Viking ibikoresho bizigama ubuzima, bifite uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gukora ubuzima, birashakisha ibikoresho byoroheje kugirango byuzuze amategeko akomeye ya SOLAS (Umutekano wubuzima ku nyanja), bisaba ubuzima bwubuzima kugirango bwihangane nibihe bibi mugihe cyiminsi 30.
Ariko, kurerwa guhura n'ibibazo.Amashanyarazi ya karubones bihenze kubyara kuruta ibyuma, bishobora kubuza abakoresha ibicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, inganda zo mu nyanja zishingiye kuri sisitemu zashizweho zishingiye ku byuma bivuze ko kwimukira mu bikoresho bisaba ibipimo bishya byo gushushanya no kwemezwa n’amabwiriza, bishobora gutinda kwakirwa.
Sisitemu yo Kwimuka mu nyanja (MES)
MES nigisubizo cyambere cyo kwimuka gikoreshwa kumato manini nkubwato butwara ubwato cyangwa feri, zagenewe kohereza vuba ubuzima bwubuzima cyangwa slide yo kwimura abantu benshi. Izi sisitemu akenshi zirimo ibice byaka umuriro bishingiye kuri silinderi ya gaze kugirango yoherejwe vuba.Amashanyarazi ya karubones zikoreshwa cyane muri MES kubera imiterere yoroheje nubushobozi bwo kubika imyuka yumuvuduko mwinshi neza.
Kuzigama ibirokaruboni fibre silinderis kwemerera MES kurushaho guhuza, kurekura ikibanza no kunoza imiterere yubwato. Ibi nibyingenzi kumato manini atwara abagenzi, aho gutezimbere umwanya wambere. Byongeye kandi, kurwanya ruswa ya karubone itanga ubwizerwe muri zone ya flash cyangwa ahantu h’amazi, aho ibice bya MES bikunze guhura n’amazi yo mu nyanja.
Nubwo izo nyungu, igiciro kinini cyakaruboni fibre silinderis ikomeza kuba inzitizi. Abakora MES bagomba guhuza ishoramari ryambere no kuzigama igihe kirekire mukubungabunga no gusimbuza. Byongeye kandi, kubura amategeko agenga igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nyanja birashobora kugorana kwishyira hamwe, kuko inganda ziracyashingira cyane ku bipimo bishingiye ku cyuma
Offshore Gukodesha PPE
Gukodesha hanze ya PPE, nk'ibikoresho byo guhumeka byonyine (SCBAs) hamwe n'ikoti ryo kwibiza, ni ingenzi ku bakozi bo mu ruganda rwa peteroli, imirima y'umuyaga, n'andi mahuriro yo hanze.Amashanyarazi ya karubones zikoreshwa cyane muri SCBAs kugirango zitange umwuka uhumeka kugirango uhumeke ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, nko mugihe cyo guhangana n’umuriro cyangwa ibikorwa byo mu kirere bifunze.
Kamere yoroheje yakaruboni fibre silinderis yongerera abakozi imbaraga kandi igabanya umunaniro, ningirakamaro mugihe gishobora kuba kinini. Kurugero, icyuma gisanzwe cya silindiri ya SCBA ipima kg 10-12, mugihe fibre karubone ihwanye na kg 5-6. Kugabanya ibiro bitezimbere umutekano no gukora neza mugihe cyagutse. Byongeye kandi, karuboni fibre irwanya ruswa ituma silinderi ikomeza gukora mubihe byumunyu, nubushuhe
Ibigo bikodesha byungukirwakaruboni fibre silinderis 'kuramba, bigabanya inshuro zo gusimbuza no kugabanya ibiciro byigihe kirekire. Nyamara, ikiguzi cyambere cyiyi silinderi kirashobora kuba inzitizi kubatanga ubukode, bagomba guha aya mafaranga abakiriya. Kubahiriza amabwiriza nabyo bitera ikibazo, kuko PPE yo hanze igomba kuba yujuje amahame akomeye nkayashyizweho n’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’amazi (IMO).
Umuriro wumuriro winganda zo mu nyanja
Sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro ningirakamaro kumutekano wamazi, cyane cyane kumato no kumurongo wo hanze aho umuriro ushobora kuba mubi. Sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro wa karuboni, imyuzure hamwe na CO2 kugirango izimye umuriro, akenshi ikoresha silinderi yumuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ubike gaze.Amashanyarazi ya karubones bigenda byamamara muri sisitemu bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana ningutu nyinshi mugihe gisigaye cyoroheje kandi kidashobora kwangirika.
Abashinzwe umutekano ku nyanja bavuguruye amabwiriza yo kwemerera ubundi buryo bwa sisitemu ya CO2, arikokaruboni fibre silinderis biracyakoreshwa cyane kubwizerwa bwabo. Igishushanyo cyabo cyoroheje kigabanya uburemere rusange bwa sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro, ni ingenzi kumato aho gutuza no gukoresha peteroli aribyo byihutirwa. Byongeye kandi,karuboni fibre silinderis bisaba kubungabungwa cyane kuruta ibyuma, kuko bidakunze kugaragara ingese no kwangirika mubidukikije byo mu nyanja.
Icyakora, impungenge z'umutekano ziracyahari. Sisitemu ya CO2 irashobora guteza ibyago abakozi babakozi iyo isohotse kubwimpanuka, kuko gaze idafite impumuro irashobora gutera umwuka. Amabwiriza arasaba ubuvumo bwa loutout hamwe numunuko kuri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe za CO2 kugirango ugabanye izo ngaruka, wongere ibintu bigoye mubishushanyo byabo. Igiciro kinini cyakaruboni fibre silinderis nayo igabanya iyakirwa ryabo, cyane cyane kubakozi bato bashobora guhitamo ibyuma bihendutse.
Inzitizi hamwe nigihe kizaza
Mugihekaruboni fibre silinderis zitanga inyungu zisobanutse, kwakirwa kwinganda zamazi zihura nimbogamizi nyinshi. Ikibazo cyibanze ni ikiguzi. Ibikoresho bya karuboni bihenze kuruta ibyuma cyangwa aluminium, kandi inzira yo gukora iragoye, bisaba ibikoresho nubuhanga kabuhariwe. Ibi bituma batagerwaho kubigo bito cyangwa abakora kuri bije yoroheje
Inzitizi zigenga nazo zigira uruhare. Inganda zo mu nyanja ziragenzurwa cyane, kandi ibikoresho byinshi ntibifite ibipimo ngenderwaho binini hamwe namakuru afatika aboneka kubutare. Ibi birashobora kuganisha kumutekano wibintu bigabanya ibyiza byo gukora. Byongeye kandi, inganda zimaze igihe zishingiye kuri silindiri y'icyuma bivuze ko kwimukira muri fibre karubone bisaba kongera imyitozo n’ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo bishya
Nubwo hari ibibazo, ejo hazaza hasa neza. Gusunika kuramba no gukora neza muruganda rwamazi bihuza nibyiza byakaruboni fibre silinderis. Mugihe ibiciro byinganda bigabanuka nuburyo bwo kugenzura bigenda bihinduka, kurera birashoboka kwihuta. Udushya nka Hybride yibigize, uhuza fibre ya karubone na aramide, birashobora kurushaho kugabanya ibiciro mugihe gikomeza imikorere, bigatuma silinderi iba nziza cyane kugirango ikoreshwe cyane
Umwanzuro
Caribre fibre igizwe na silinderis zirimo guhindura umutekano wamazi mugutanga ibisubizo byoroheje, biramba, kandi birwanya ruswa kubuzima, MES, PPE yo hanze, hamwe na sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro. Iyemezwa ryabo riterwa no gukenera imikorere, umutekano, no kubahiriza amabwiriza akomeye, ariko imbogamizi nkigiciro kinini nimbogamizi zubuyobozi ziracyahari. Nkuko inganda zikomeje gushyira imbere kuramba no guhanga udushya,karuboni fibre silinderis biteguye kugira uruhare runini mu kurinda umutekano mu nyanja, kuringaniza imikorere hamwe n’ibitekerezo bifatika kugirango ejo hazaza heza h’amazi meza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-02-2025